Commercial Aircraft Finance Market Outlook 2026

Industry Delivery Funding

A more robust OEM aircraft delivery stream year over-year brought a healthier pool of financing opportunities to the markets, but yields for many transactions remained stubbornly low through the course of 2025. That tight pricing has continued into 2026.

Diversity of funding sources was a hallmark of 2025, and this product optionality prevented any single capital source from unduly dominating the financing marketplace. Very strong offerings from the private sector in the North American markets, for example, continued to temper public asset‑backed issuances by U.S. airlines. We have also observed a number of private financing platforms continue to develop their product offerings, often blurring the lines between credit and asset financiers. This financing kaleidoscope was further reinforced by alternative lenders deploying different pockets of capital through their associated vehicles, enabling airlines to create bespoke solutions for their delivery financing requirements. Regional capital, notably from the Middle East, is engaging both within its corridors and on the international stage. It appears that new financings will be eagerly competed for through 2026.

As with all big-ticket financings there will be natural exposure limits reached per institution and consequently a need to actively manage portfolios. Distribution and syndication activity continues to increase as new aircraft deliveries (notably widebodies) pick up year over year and thoughtful horizon planning around financial product selection will be instrumental in securing ongoing capital availability for airlines.

We expect funding requirements continuing to grow through the decade (and beyond), which reflects the strong OEM order books and expectations of increased production levels. The outlook for new financing volumes in this period (2026–2030) is forecast to be materially higher than previously seen and will require all primary financial products to be operating satisfactorily to meet new delivery volumes.

Boeing Delivery Funding

Boeing deliveries continued to be weighted towards North American airlines, with a 20%+ year-over-year increase in that region. Accompanying that growth is a more diversified pool of financiers offering a broader product mix, although cash remains the predominant source of funding, reflecting broadly sound airline fundamentals.

Europe’s deliveries did not increase at the same pace as the U.S., but saw a good mix of financial solutions, although cash continues to be a dominant funding source in view of customer delivery concentration.

Asia Pacific and India deliveries increased by just over 10% compared with 2024, with further product offerings being visible in the funding mix. Heavily growth-focused, leasing solutions have proven to be an important funding source for airlines.

The Middle East saw the most significant annual growth in deliveries and accompanying that was a change in the funding landscape, with wider engagement across key financial products. Local bank funding remained highly competitive.

The Chinese market was very similar to 2024, with some marginal changes in product funding mix within three key pillars supporting aircraft delivery financing.

The Latin American and African markets saw a more limited range of options, although leasing solutions featured once again in 2025 on the African continent.

Financial Product Distribution

Leasing

Satisfactory

Availability of delivery financing provided by lessors remains ample across a wide spectrum of assets, credits, and jurisdictions, with robust competition continuing to drive favorable economics for airline borrowers. Product innovation continues to expand beyond operating and finance leases, with an interest in advance-payment financing expected to further develop in 2026 both on a standalone basis and combined with sale leaseback. Lessors’ competitiveness is enabled by access to capital markets and bank financing to support the purchase of aircraft in new and secondary markets.

Satisfactory

Capital Markets

Satisfactory

Upgraded. Our traffic-light signaling has moved to green post-year-end close, which reflects the strength and depth of this market, notably for lessors in the unsecured and ABS segments. We recognize that the e-note component is currently dormant within ABS structures, but market sentiment appears to suggest that may change during the course of 2026. New issuance activity in the ABS market has been brisk in early 2026, with some notable tight pricing. We would, however, comment that airline activity in the capital markets last year was less pronounced.

Satisfactory/Cautionary

Commercial Banks

Satisfactory/Cautionary

Upgraded. In-country banks are increasing their role in aircraft financing among their domestic airlines, bringing competitive pricing coupled with an appetite that reflects local credit understanding. These banks continue to see their roles maturing from secondary participants to primary lenders, and this precedent is evident in a number of countries across the Middle East and Asia. Global banks remain active in their chosen markets and customer bases, with a strong eye toward distribution for mandated deals.

Cautionary

Export Credit Agencies

Satisfactory

There is a healthy pipeline of opportunities for ECAs, which are likely to feature more noticeably as delivery volumes continue to increase across a wider customer base. We saw a change in the mix of aircraft financed between 2024 and 2025. The prior year had a more balanced schedule of narrow and widebody aircraft, but in 2025 over 80% of ECA financing supported widebody aircraft.

Satisfactory

Institutional Investors and Funds

Satisfactory/Cautionary

Continued appetite for the aviation sector, with capital deployed either directly, through platforms where investors hold stakes, or via partnerships created to facilitate aircraft financing.

Satisfactory/Cautionary

Tax Equity

Satisfactory/Cautionary

Upgraded. In 2025 we had put this funding channel on a positive watch. This has now crystalized into a formal upgrade. That step up reflects the heightened activity in its chosen markets/customers. We observed a steady flow of new delivery financing that continued through 2025 for a select group of airlines with proven credentials and familiarity with this investor base. This funding source has rigorous engagement criteria that are heavily focused on credit quality.

Cautionary

Credit Enhanced

Satisfactory/Cautionary

More activity across more markets, with the product supporting a broader mix of customers from a relatively small selection of countries. A wider bank pool is engaging in covered financing, which supports their portfolio-management requirements.

Satisfactory/Cautionary

Airframe and Engine Manufacturers

Cautionary

Availability of capital from multiple third-party sources has not necessitated regular intervention by OEMs in new-aircraft financing.

Cautionary

Regional Finding Insights

More deliveries, more diversification. We cannot quite yet define a steady state in the financing market, but we are seeing some of the boundaries around product mix becoming more defined. Regional bias towards certain products is well covered by the BCA CF team in the accompanying narrative. The subtleties in product selection between single-aisle and widebody financing are visible, particularly the use of ECA and lessor financing. International banks and regional banks are notably active, with a growing number of institutions using credit-support tools to manage risk parameters.

 

North American airlines relied predominantly on cash to fund Boeing deliveries through full year 2025, particularly for single-aisle aircraft, reflecting continued balance-sheet strength and a preference to preserve financing flexibility. Banks and lessors each maintained meaningful participation in single-aisle financing, while credit enhanced structures remained limited. As observed mid-year, post-delivery financings were common but not fully captured in these data.

Widebody deliveries were financed through a more diversified funding mix, with bank debt, lessor financing, and capital markets each playing material roles. Bank debt represented a higher share of widebody funding than for single-aisle aircraft, while capital-markets activity re-entered selectively in the second half of the year. Overall, capital-markets transactions remained episodic rather than broad-based, with strong competition among banks and lessors supporting continued availability of financing.

 

Delivery financing activity for Boeing customers in Latin America continued to reflect a structurally concentrated financing environment, with lessor financing and bank-supported structures accounting for the vast majority of Boeing delivery financing. This mix remained broadly consistent with the first half of the year and prior periods, reinforcing the role of sale leasebacks and Japanese Operating Lease with Call Option (JOLCO), categorized as bank debt, as the primary delivery-financing solutions. Although not reflected in the region’s financing distribution data, Latin American airlines continued to source new Boeing single-aisle aircraft from lessor order books.

 

The volume of deliveries in the Asia-Pacific and India region continues to trend positively compared to the previous year. Looking ahead, we expect this region to maintain a significant share of all Boeing deliveries, catering to a diverse array of customer credits.

India-based carriers continue to take the largest share of single-aisle deliveries; however, this year we observed a notable increase in single-aisle deliveries to customers in Korea, Southeast Asia, and Oceania. Lessor financing remains the most popular means of financing for our single-aisle deliveries in the region.

Widebody deliveries in the region are predominantly to major full-service carriers utilizing cash or debt. In Northeast Asia, our customers in Japan and Korea continue to leverage export credit agencies, which serve as an efficient means of diversifying their financing options.

We have also seen significant positive developments in the ratification, implementation, and enforcement of the Cape Town Convention in the region this year, particularly in India and Vietnam. This progress is crucial for opening financing markets in jurisdictions with substantial delivery streams, and it is a subject we will continue to support.

As deliveries in this region trend positively, especially to a broader spectrum of customer credits, we anticipate that the use of lessor financing will remain popular, with an increasing relevance of export credit and credit enhanced financing.

Lessors remained the prominent source of financing for airlines in India in 2025, and we expect this pattern to largely continue into 2026. However, with the sheer number of new aircraft deliveries to the region and the sizable widebody orderbook, we expect these airlines to utilize a more diverse range of capital sources moving forward, including bank debt, Export Credit Agency (ECA) and covered financing.

 

The volume of deliveries in China continues to trend positively compared with the previous year. Chinese airlines continue to rely on domestic financiers and lessors, as transactions denominated in the local currency remain the most efficient option for both single-aisle and widebody deliveries.

 

Similar to prior years, cash was the prominent source of financing for new Boeing aircraft deliveries in the region, primarily in Europe, as the delivery stream remained concentrated with top-tier credits. As delivery volumes increase, we expect to continue to see a portion of cash-funded new deliveries refinanced in the SLB and JOLCO markets as airlines manage their capital-expenditure levels, especially for widebody deliveries.

Both banks and lessors remained active in the region with day‑one lending, funding 11% and 10% of deliveries, respectively. Bank debt financing saw an uptick year-over-year, driven by ample dry powder available from banks and the continued usage of the JOLCO market by top-tier credits. We expect both banks and lessors to continue to provide liquidity to the European market and become selectively more active in Central Asia as deliveries increase to a more diverse customer base.

The Export Credit Agency (ECA) and credit enhanced markets were active in providing access to capital for aircraft delivered to airlines in Southern Europe and Central Asia. ECA financing is well-positioned to support widebody deliveries in the region, enabling airlines access to efficient financing that would otherwise be out of reach.

 

The aircraft financing environment in the Middle East remained stable in 2025, mirroring years prior. Airlines in the region continued to perform well financially, thanks to strong passenger demand - especially on long-haul routes - and the growth of both established and new key hub carriers. Healthy airline financials have made it easier to access financing as well as pay for aircraft deliveries using cash.

Widebody aircraft were primarily funded by bank debt and cash, reflecting the continued credit and balance sheet strength of the large international carriers in the region. Meanwhile, single aisle aircraft were funded with a mix of bank debt, sale-leasebacks, and credit enhanced structures. As was noted in the first half of the year, Middle Eastern airlines continued to enjoy ample access to low-cost debt solutions throughout 2025, especially via the local banking market, as GCC financiers have been able to provide liquidity at extremely competitive rates. Beyond this traditional commercial debt financing, some Middle Eastern carriers also elected to pursue Islamic financing (reflected in the “Bank Debt” category), as is common for some of the region's stronger credits.

In a break from prior years' norms, however, some Middle Eastern carriers opted for credit enhanced financing in 2025 – in 2024, we saw no credit enhanced financing in the region, but in 2025, a quarter of single aisle deliveries to the Middle East benefitted from this structure, highlighting some carriers’ interest in more diverse financing options.

 

African airlines continue to leverage export-credit agencies, specifically U.S. EXIM, to fund both widebody and single-aisle deliveries. Similar to 2024, a significant majority of 2025 deliveries to the continent were funded by ECAs, allowing for easier access to international financing sources and alleviating the credit pressure that many African carriers face. Unlike 2024, however, which saw no lessor financing (i.e., sale-leasebacks) in the region, we saw SLB opportunities open up during 2025, specifically in the widebody space. This is a positive signal of growing lessor confidence in the region.

 

Bank Funding Capital Flow

The breadth of bank funding is a positive signal from 2025 and we envisage that as our deliveries extend to additional customers, more banks will engage in aircraft financing opportunities. Our CAFMO analysis and report is aligned to new delivery financing and we recognize that there are many more institutions involved in secondary markets for new and used aircraft financing that we have not captured here. Our teams are however connected globally to the wider banking network and continue to ensure that we offer appropriate insights and data to facilitate availability of capital to our customer base.

Sale Leasebacks

Global interest in sale-leaseback products as airlines seek to reduce capital-expenditure burden and mitigate residual-value risks and benefit from 100% loan-to-value (LTV) coverage provided by SLB. Narrow-body aircraft dominate in SLB share, with Asia Pacific and India remaining heavily reliant on the SLB product. Competitive pricing in the SLB market continues to attract a large number of North American deliveries.

Export Credit Agencies

In 2025, Export Credit Agencies (ECAs) continued to play a key role in providing liquidity to the financing of Boeing deliveries, with a marginal year-over-year increase in funded dollars. This was primarily driven by increased widebody support, where we have seen a marked uplift in ECA participation. As aircraft production rates continue to increase and deliveries extend to a wider customer base, we expect export credit agencies to continue to play a crucial role in providing airlines access to necessary capital pools from order to delivery.

Cape Town Convention

We welcome and recognize the potential value of harmonized aircraft financing protocols that full adoption and implementation of, and compliance with, the Cape Town Convention would bring. Financiers appreciate a more predictable application of the rule of law when assessing transaction risk, which feeds into their price models. Cape Town signatories benefit from access to a broader pool of capital providers with consequential improvements in the cost of financing, notably where ECA structures are deployed. Furthermore, the adoption and ratification of the Cape Town Convention may offer access to certain international markets with deeper pools of liquidity.  

We remain supportive of the AWG initiatives to broaden full adoption of, and compliance with, the Cape Town Convention and are encouraged by recent progress in a number of countries that value the broad benefits of its implementation. Our teams remain active globally in supporting initiatives that create level playing fields in aircraft financing.

Methodology

Boeing Commercial Airplanes Customer Finance created the Commercial Aircraft Finance Market Outlook (CAFMO) to provide an analysis of the sources of financing for new commercial airplane deliveries (for aircraft 90 seats or above).

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